Though pictures are often used to present mathematical arguments, they are not typically thought to be an acceptable means for presenting mathematical arguments rigorously. With respect to the proofs ...

In 1847, an eccentric British mathematician named Oliver Byrne released a new edition of Euclid’s famous mathematical treatise, The Elements of Geometry. Byrne added a rather longwinded but ultimately ...

The course presents a rigorous treatment of the foundations of Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries. The discovery of non-Euclidean geometry in the first half of the 19th century shattered the ...

IT is interesting to compare the attitudes of the two most recent writers in English who deal with Euclidean geometry. Sir Thomas Heath, in the second edition of his three-volume translation of the ...

It was always the last thing, right at the end of those pesky Euclidean geometry “proofs” — QED. It meant “it has been proven” or “what needed to be demonstrated as truth has now been demonstrated.” ...

MR. FRANKLAND (NATURE, September 7) has raised the old problem of Bertrand's proof of the parallel-axiom by a consideration of infinite areas. This is perhaps the most subtle and the most specious of ...