The author discusses his results of measuring the performance degradation of Java programs while using various data abstraction features of the language.

The Java virtual machine (JVM) is a program whose sole purpose is to execute other programs. This simple idea has made Java one of the most successful and long-lived platforms of all time.

Java is an object-oriented programming language, but there’s more to Java than programming with objects. This tutorial is the first of several introducing non-object-oriented features and syntax ...