Linear functional differential equations of mixed type are typically ill-posed, i.e., there exists, in general, no solution to a given initial condition. We prove that Fredholm properties of these ...

To define a likelihood we have to specify the form of distribution of the observations, but to define a quasi-likelihood function we need only specify a relation between the mean and variance of the ...

The Lambert W function, defined as the inverse of the function W ↦ W e^W, plays a crucial role in resolving equations where the variable appears both in linear and exponential forms. Its mathematical ...

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