“只盯着过去或眼前的人，注定将失去未来。 ”60年前约翰·F·肯尼迪（John F. Kennedy）总统说过的这句话，如今带着新的紧迫感再次回响起来。一年又一年，我们的过时经济范式的失败不断被暴露出来，对一种全新范式的需求也变得更加明显。 全球性的挑战需要 ...

Cross-border payments are essential to the global financial system, facilitating trade and investment. The global cross-border traditional and crypto payment market approached a value of about one ...

Focusing on a cross-border perspective, this paper identifies four key binding constraints that hinder firms’ ability to innovate and scale up within the EU single market—fragmented regulations, ...

During a major crisis, the transitional dynamics of conditional convergence are unlikely to apply. In this paper, we introduce a Markov chain approach which integrates the study of crises and ...

The European Union’s budget—known as the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF)—has over time been a key tool for enhancing economic efficiency, achieving redistribution, and helping the Union tackle ...

Une équipe des services du Fonds monétaire international (FMI), dirigée par Mme Wenjie Chen s'est rendue à Bamako du 9 au 13 juin 2025 pour mener les consultations de 2025 au titre de l'article IV ave ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by Ms. Wenjie Chen, visited Bamako from June 9 to 13, 2025, to conduct the 2025 Article IV consultation with the Malian authorities. The team held ...

Substantial savings from past oil production can help build a thriving economy for future generations—if spent better and ...

These representative exchange rates, which are reported to the Fund by the issuing central bank, are expressed in terms of currency units per U.S. dollar, except for those indicated by (1) which are ...

Dominica is a small developing state (SDS) facing large economic imbalances, natural disasters (NDs), and substantial development needs amid slowing potential growth. Its narrow economic base ...

Greater debt transparency builds investor confidence, helps reduce borrowing costs, and strengthens debt sustainability—reducing the risk of shocks that can lead to a debt crisis ...

His storied career at the IMF, at central banks, and at universities shaped the study of macroeconomics and the next ...